Indications

Type 2 DM.

Contraindication

Diabetic ketoacidosis or diabetic pre-coma; acute conditions which may alter renal function (e.g. dehydration, severe infection, shock); acute or chronic disease which may cause tissue hypoxia (e.g. cardiac or resp failure, recent MI, acute significant blood loss, sepsis, gangrene); major surgery, porphyria. Acute alcohol intoxication/alcoholism. Renal (CrCl <60 mL/min) or hepatic impairment. Lactation. Concomitant use w/ bosentan, miconazole and intravascular admin of iodinated contrast materials.

Special Precautions

Patient w/ impaired adrenal and/or pituitary function, G6PD deficiency, heart failure. Pregnancy. Patient Counselling May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Monitoring Parameters Monitor urine for glucose and ketones, FPG, HbA1c, and fructosamine; haematologic parameters, renal and hepatic function; vit B12 and folate levels (if anaemia is suspected); signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia.

Side Effects

Hypoglycaemia, haemolytic anaemia, wt gain, upper resp infection, diarrhoea, headache, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness.

Drug Interactions

Decreased hypoglycaemic effect w/ thiazides and other diuretics, corticosteroids, phenothiazines, thyroid products, oestrogen, OC, phenytoin, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, Ca channel blockers, isoniazid. Glibenclamide: Increased hypoglycaemic effect w/ NSAIDs and other highly protein bound drugs, salicylates, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, probenecid, coumarins, MAOIs, β-blockers. Decreased plasma concentration w/ colesevelam. Metformin: Increased plasma concentration w/ furosemide, nifedipine and cimetidine.

Route of Administration

Oral

Dosage

As directed by the physician